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Standardized benchmarking approaches are required to assess the accuracy of variants called from sequence data. Although variant- calling tools and the metrics used to assess their performance continue to improve, important challenges remain. Here, as part
Justin M. Zook, Marc L. Salit, Steve Lincoln, Matthew Lebo
The confirmation of genetic variants identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) using orthogonal assays (e.g., Sanger sequencing) is standard practice in many laboratories. Published studies have examined this issue, concluding that confirmation of the
Justin M. Zook, Marc L. Salit, Peyton Greenside, Ryan Poplin, Mark DePristo, Madeleine Cule
Copy number variants (CNVs) are an important type of genetic variation and play a causal role in many diseases. However, they are also notoriously difficult to identify accurately from next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. For larger CNVs, genotyping
Erdem Coskun, Pawel Jaruga, Vladimir Vartanian, Onur Erdem, Patricia Egner, John D. Groopman, R. S. Lloyd, Miral M. Dizdar
Dietary exposure to aflatoxin (AFB1) is a significant reason for the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas globally. AFB1-exposure leads to the formation of AFB1-N7-guanine (AFB1-N7-Gua) and two diastereomers of 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4
Justin M. Zook, Luke Hickey, Benedict Paten, Robert Sebra, Valerie Schneider
There is a pressing need to better represent ethnic diversity with genomic resources and to do so in a way that maximizes utility for people working with the Genome Reference Consortiums human reference genome. That was the theme of a panel discussion
Megan H. Cleveland, Justin M. Zook, Marc L. Salit, Peter M. Vallone
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed reference materials for five human genomes. DNA aliquots are available for purchase and the data, analyses and high- confidence small variant and homozygous reference calls are freely
The 2017 NIST/DHS/FDA Workshop: Standards for Pathogen Detection for Biosurveillance and Clinical Applications brought together subject matter experts from the clinical and biosurveillance communities to discuss standards to support the use of next
David L. Duewer, Margaret C. Kline, Erica L. Romsos, Blaza Toman
The highly multiplexed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays used for forensic human identification perform best when used with an accurately determined quantity of input DNA. To help ensure the reliable performance of these assays, we are developing a
Hua-Jun He, Erica V. Stein, Paul C. DeRose, Kenneth D. Cole
We compared different methods to measure the concentrations of nucleic acids using samples of human genomic DNA (cell line origin), and a synthetic DNA oligonucleotide. NIST Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2082, a pathlength absorbance standard, was used
Justin M. Zook, Fritz Sedlazeck, Andi Dhroso, Justin Paschall
The impact of structural variants (SVs) on a variety of organisms and diseases like cancer has become increasingly evident. Methods for SV detection when studying genomic differences across cells, individuals or populations are being actively developed
Nathanael D. Olson, Justin M. Zook, Jayne B. Morrow, Nancy J. Lin
High sensitivity methods as next generation sequencing and PCR are adversely impacted by organismal and DNA contaminants. Current methods for detecting contaminants in microbial materials (genomic DNA and cultures) are not sensitive enough and require
Neenu Singh, Bryant C. Nelson, Leona D. Scanlan, Erdem Coskun, Pawel Jaruga, Shareen Doak
Some engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may have the potential to cause damage to the genetic material in living systems. The mechanistic machinery functioning at the cellular/molecular level, in the form of DNA repair processes, has evolved to help
A national workgroup convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identified principles and made recommendations for standardizing the description of sequence data contained within the variant file generated during the course of clinical next