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Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, is quickly becoming a widespread manufacturing method offering timely and cost-effective build times for unique part geometries with an increasing range of material offerings. One unique use for additive
Tobias Neumann, Stefan Herrig, Ian Bell, Robin Beckmuller, Eric W. Lemmon, Monika Thol, Roland Span
Thermodynamic properties for CCS-relevant mixtures can be calculated with the fundamental equation of state presented in this work over wide ranges of pressure, temperature, and composition for gas, liquid, and supercritical states, as well as phase
Erik Mickoleit, Andreas Jaeger, Constantino Grau Turelo, Monika Thol, Ian Bell, Cornelia Breitkopf
In this work it is shown how the entropy scaling paradigm introduced by Rosenfeld can be extended to calculate the viscosities of branched alkanes by group contribution methods, making the technique more predictive. Two equations of state (EOS) requiring
A fundamental equation of state expressed explicitly in the Helmholtz energy is presented for R-1224yd(Z), an environmentally friendly refrigerant for centrifugal chillers, high-temperature heat pumps, and organic Rankine cycles. The equation of state is
Hannah Covington, Brian Woo-Shem, Chenli Wang, Cuong Nguyen, Thomas Roth, Yuhong Liu, Yi Fang, Hohyun Lee
Modern advancements in energy technology, such as smart meters and renewable power generation, have contributed to the increasing penetration of time-variable electricity pricing plans. Under such plans, consumers experience a higher financial burden for
Felix Fiedler, Joel Karog, Eric W. Lemmon, Monika Thol
An empirical equation of state in terms of the Helmholtz energy for tetrahydro- furan is presented. In the validity range from the triple-point temperature up to 550 K and pressures up to 600 MPa, the equation of state enables the calculation of all
The Flexible Resource Controller (FRC) is a controller that manages heat pumps (HP), electric water heaters (HWH) and batteries with multiple objectives. The first objective is to manage energy use to save customer money—charging storage when electricity
Gabriel Taylor, Anthony D. Putorti Jr., Scott Bareham, Christopher U. Brown, Wai Cheong Tam, Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Stephen Fink, Michael Heck, Edward Hnetkovsky, Nicholas Melly, Kenneth Hamburger, Kenneth Miller
This report documents an experimental program designed to investigate high energy arcing fault (HEAF) phenomena for medium-voltage, metal-enclosed bus ducts and switchgear. This report covers full-scale laboratory experiments using representative nuclear
Ashley Boggs-Russell, Kerrianne Buchanan, David W. Griffith, Heather Evans, Dimitrios Meritis, Lisa Ng, Anna Sberegaeva, Michelle Stephens
The 2023 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through three separate lenses
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), which include "all-electric" battery EV (BEV) and plug-in hybrid EV (PHEV), comprise a rapidly growing proportion of the U.S. automobile market – nearly 8% of all light-duty vehicles sold in Oct. 2022, a 41.4% rise over
Ganga Neupane, Andrew Winchester, Nicolas Marquez Peraca, David Albin, Joel Duenow, Matthew Reese, Sujitra Pookpanratana, Susanna Thon, Behrang Hamadani
Clear visualization and understanding of luminescence properties of grain interiors and grain boundaries in polycrystalline thin-film photovoltaic materials are crucial to achieving high-performance solar cells. Luminescence-based measurements, for example
Iosif Isaakovich Shinder, Aaron Johnson, James Filla, Vladimir B. Khromchenko, Michael R. Moldover, Joey Boyd, John D. Wright, John R. Stoup
We present protocols for making fast, accurate, 3-D velocity measurements in the stacks of coal-fired power plants. The measurements are traceable to internationally-recognized standards; therefore, they provide a rigorous basis for measuring and/or
The massive digital information generated in conjunction with the ever-increasing phasor measurement data in the power grid has led to a tremendous constraint on the analysis and timely processing of real-time data. Under these conditions, leveraging
Behrang Hamadani, Margaret Stevens, Matthew Lumb, Kenneth Schmieder
The external radiative efficiency of a photovoltaic device is a useful metric to compare different photovoltaic technologies and material systems. However, under low-intensity indoor lighting, a particular open-circuit voltage dependence arises that cannot
Alexandra Metallinou Log, Vladimir Diky, Marcia L. Huber
We constructed an experimental database for the surface tension of binary mixtures containing a wide variety of fluids, from the chemical classes (water, alcohols, amines, ketones, linear and branched alkanes, naphthenes, aromatics, refrigerants, and
We investigate the role of grain structures in nanoscale carrier dynamics of polycrystalline solar cells. By using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and near-field scanning photocurrent microscopy (NSPM) techniques, we characterize nanoscopic
Sofia Sotiriadou, Eleftheria Nonti, Marc Assael, Marcia L. Huber
This paper presents new wide-ranging correlations for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of 1-hexene based on critically evaluated experimental data. The viscosity correlation is valid from the triple point to 580 K and up to 245 MPa pressure, while