U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Fire

Fire modeling

Search Publications

Search Title, Abstract, Conference, Citation, Keyword or Author
  • Published Date
Displaying 1 - 25 of 276

Fire Data Generator (FD-Gen) v1.0.0

March 6, 2025
Author(s)
Hongqiang Fang, Wai Cheong Tam
This document serves as the documentation for the Fire Data Generator (FD-Gen), an automated tool designed to streamline the creation of multiple Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) input files. By employing Monte Carlo methods to sample relevant fire parameters

The Global and Local Structure of Medium-Scale Pool Fires

October 24, 2024
Author(s)
Kunhyuk Sung, Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Matthew Bundy, Marco Fernandez, Anthony Hamins
A series of experiments are reported that characterize key features of the structure of eight medium-scale pool fires (0.3 m to 0. 4 m) burning a variety of liquid and gaseous fuel types, including 30 cm diameter liquid pool fires burning methanol, ethanol

The NIST Material Flammability Database

May 1, 2024
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Morgan Bruns, Michael Heck
7 The fire modeling community is actively working to develop the tools needed to quantitatively predict material 8 and product flammability behavior (e.g., ignition, burning rate, fire growth). Such predictions require accurate 9 and efficient simulation

Estimations of Photopheresis and Thermophoresis Impacts on Soot Particle Velocity

March 12, 2024
Author(s)
Emma Veley, Amy Mensch, Ryan Falkenstein-Smith, Thomas Cleary
The dissemination of soot particles onto surfaces in a compartment fire is affected by local radiation and temperature gradients. Subsequently, any deposition model must account for the influence of photopheresis and thermophoresis on the deposition

The Impact of Material Composition on Ignitability and Fire Growth. Volume 1: Full-Scale Burning Behavior of Combustible Solids Commonly Found in Nuclear Power Plants

February 13, 2024
Author(s)
Isaac Leventon, Michael Heck, Kevin B. McGrattan, Matthew Bundy, Rick D. Davis
This report provides an overview of quantitative measurement data and visual observations obtained from a series of 52 full-scale fire growth experiments conducted on 16 unique combustible solids including: natural and synthetic polymers, copolymers

Compartment fires: challenges for fire modeling as a tool for safe design

February 1, 2024
Author(s)
Tarek Beji, Talal Fateh, Jason Floyd, hugues Pretrel, Anthony Hamins
The use of fire models to support fire protection engineering decisions requires an understanding of model shortcomings and assurance in their predictive robustness. This note is a summary of the online 'compartment fire' workshop that was organized prior

Heats of Combustion and Related Properties of Pure Substances

December 5, 2023
Author(s)
Donald R. Burgess Jr., Anthony Hamins
In this work, we compiled and evaluated various properties pertaining to the heats of combustion of about 420 compounds of physical, chemical, and engineering interest. This includes boiling points, melting points, latent heats (enthalpies) of vaporization

An analysis of the sensitivity of the rate of buoyancy-driven flame spread on a solid material to uncertainties in the pyrolysis and combustion properties. Is accurate prediction possible?

August 1, 2023
Author(s)
Yan Ding, Isaac Leventon, Stanislav Stoliarov
An upward, buoyancy-driven flame spread on combustible solids is frequently the dominant contributor to the growth of fire in built environment. Thus, an ability to accurately predict the development of a fire is strongly linked to the accuracy of flame

Measurements and Predictions of the Aerosol Dynamics of Smoke

September 30, 2022
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Haley Hamza, Thomas Cleary
Better understanding and ability to predict the aerosol dynamics of soot can improve life safety predictions generated by fire modeling tools. NIST's fire modeling tool, Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS), is commonly used by the international fire protection

Oxygen-Limited Fires Inside Under-Ventilated Enclosures (OLIVE-FIRE)

August 9, 2022
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Isaac Leventon
This report documents a series of fire experiments performed within steel electrical enclosures. The objective is to validate a simple empirical model that predicts the maximum heat release rate of a fire within a closed compartment as a function of its

Convective heat transfer in pine forest litter beds

July 5, 2022
Author(s)
Eric Mueller, Michael Gallagher, Nicholas Skowronski, Rory Hadden
To properly parameterize physics-based models of wildland fire behavior, it is necessary to understand the magnitude of convective heat transfer in various scenarios. In order to do so, we isolated the convective heating process in an idealized wildland

A Simple Two-Step Reaction Scheme for Soot and CO

May 23, 2022
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan, Randall J. McDermott, Jason E. Floyd
A relatively simple two-step combustion model is proposed for predicting soot and CO generation in under-ventilated fire simulations. The scheme consists of two mixing-controlled reaction steps performed in series. Validation calculations are described