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Health

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 1605

Spatial Variation in Mercury Accumulation in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops spp.) in Southeastern U.S.A.

April 30, 2024
Author(s)
Mackenzie Griffen, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Tara Cox, Brian Balmer, Russell Day, Laura Garcia Barcia, Antoinette Gorgone, Jeremy Kiszka, Jenny Litz, Robin Perrtree, Teri Rowles, Lori Schwacke, Randall Wells, Eric Zolman
Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops spp.) inhabit bays, sounds, and estuaries (BSEs) throughout the southeast region of the U.S.A. and are sentinel species for human and ecosystem-level health. Dolphins are vulnerable to the bioaccumulation of contaminants

A Four-Grating Interferometer for X-Ray Multi-Contrast Imaging

March 24, 2024
Author(s)
Daniel Josell, Houxun Miao, James Williams, Jr.
Background: X-Ray multi-contrast imaging with gratings provides a practical method to detect the differential phase and dark-field contrast images in addition to the traditional X-ray absorption image in a laboratory or hospital environment. Systems have

Heart-on-a-Chip Systems: Disease Modeling and Drug Screening Applications

February 14, 2024
Author(s)
Derrick Butler, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, casting a substantial economic footprint and burdening the global healthcare system. Historically, pre-clinical CVD modeling and therapeutic screening has been performed using animal

Cybersecurity of Genomic Data

December 20, 2023
Author(s)
Ronald Pulivarti, Natalia Martin, Frederick R. Byers, Justin Wagner, Justin Zook, Samantha Maragh, Jennifer McDaniel, Kevin Wilson, Martin Wojtyniak, Brett Kreider, Ann-Marie France, Sallie Edwards, Tommy Morris, Jared Sheldon, Scott Ross, Phillip Whitlow
Genomic data has enabled the rapid growth of the U.S. bioeconomy and is valuable to the individual, industry, and government because it has multiple intrinsic properties that in combination make it different from other types of high value data which

Spatially-Dependent Model for Rods and Cones in the Retina

December 14, 2023
Author(s)
Daniel M. Anderson, Danielle Brager, Anthony J. Kearsley
We develop a mathematical model for photoreceptors in the retina. We focus on rod and cone outer segment dynamics and interactions with a nutrient source associated with the retinal pigment epithelium cells. Rod and cone densities (number per unit area of

Microfluidic Blood Separation: Key Technologies and Critical Figures of Merit

November 18, 2023
Author(s)
Karina Torres Castro, Katherine Acuna-Umana, Leonardo Lesser-Rojas, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez
Blood is a complex sample comprised mostly of plasma, red blood cells (RBCs), and other cells whose concentrations correlate to physiological or pathological health conditions. There are also many blood-circulating biomarkers, such as circulating tumor

Recommendations for setting a criterion and assessing commutability of sample materials used in external quality assessment/proficiency testing schemes

November 2, 2023
Author(s)
Sverre Sandberg, Pernille Fauskanger, Jesper Johansen, Thomas Keller, Jeffrey Budd, Neil Greenberg, robert rej, MAURO PANTEGHINI, VINCENT DELATOUR, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Liesbet Deprez, Johanna Camara, Finlay MacKenzie, Alicia Lyle, Eline van der Hagen, Chris Burns, W. Greg Miller
It is important for external quality assessment materials (EQAMs) to be commutable with clinical samples; i.e., they should behave like clinical samples when measured using end-user clinical laboratory in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVD-MDs). Using

Monoclonal Antibodies as SARS-CoV-2 Serology Standards: Experimental Validation and Broader Implications for Correlates of Protection

October 28, 2023
Author(s)
Lili Wang, Paul Patrone, Anthony Kearsley, Jerilyn Izac, Adolfas Gaigalas, John Prostko, Hang Xie, Linhua Tian, Elzafir Elsheikh, Edward Kwee, Troy Kemp, Simon Jochum, Natalie Thornburg, Clifford McDonald, Adi Gundlapalli, Sheng Lin-Gibson
COVID-19 has highlighted the need for more accurate and reproducible measurements of humoral immunity, including antibody levels and neutralization potential, which are critical for diagnostics, seroprevalence estimates, and development of vaccines and

Evaluation of 3D Curvature and Lead Stress of Transvenous Right Ventricular Leads: The Human Use Conditions Study (HUCS)

September 9, 2023
Author(s)
Jonathan Piccini, Tim Quinn, Lucas Koepke, James Dawson, Nicki Mara, Jason Santelli, Diane Muff, Jordan Savela, Alex Felber, Michael Friedrich, Jens Rump, Felix Tschentscher, Jake Benzing, Charles Swerdlow
Transvenous leads of cardiac implanted electronic device (CIED) systems are meant to last the life of the patient, but they are at risk for conductor fatigue fracture from applied alternating stress. This stress depends on lead design and use conditions

National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan 2023: Societal and Technology Landscape to Inform Science and Technology Research

August 23, 2023
Author(s)
Ashley Boggs-Russell, Kerrianne Buchanan, David W. Griffith, Heather Evans, Dimitrios Meritis, Lisa Ng, Anna Sberegaeva, Michelle Stephens
The 2023 National Institute of Standards and Technology Environmental Scan provides an analysis of key external factors that could impact NIST and the fulfillment of its mission in coming years. The analyses were conducted through three separate lenses

Recommendations for Setting a Criterion for Assessing Commutability of Secondary Calibrator Certified Reference Materials

August 11, 2023
Author(s)
W. Greg Miller, Thomas Keller, Jeffrey Budd, Jesper Johansen, Mauro Panteghini, Neil Greenberg, Vincent Delatour, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Robert Rej, Johanna Camara, Liesbet Deprez, Finlay MacKenzie, Alicia Lyle, Eline van der Hagen, Chris Burns, Pernille Fauskanger, Sverre Sandberg
A secondary higher-order calibrator is required to be commutable with clinical samples to be suitable for use in the calibration hierarchy of an end-user clinical laboratory in vitro diagnostic medical device (IVD-MD). Commutability is a property of a

Functional Analyses of Single Nucleotide Polymorphic Variants of the DNA Glycosylase NEIL1 Present in sub-Saharan African Populations

July 20, 2023
Author(s)
Jamie Zuckerman, Irina Minko, Melis Kant, Pawel Jaruga, Miral M. Dizdar, Amanda McCullough, R. Stephen Lloyd
Nei-like glycosylase 1 (NEIL1) is a DNA repair enzyme that initiates the base excision repair (BER) pathway to cleanse the human genome of damage. Its substrate specificity includes several common base modifications formed under oxidative stress conditions

Low-field MRI: A report on the 2022 ISMRM workshop

June 22, 2023
Author(s)
Adrienne Campbell-Washburn, Katy Keenan, Peng Hu, John Mugler, Krishna Nayak, Andrew Webb, Johnes Obungoloch, Kevin Sheth, Jurgen Hennig, Matthew Rosen, Najat Salameh, Daniel Sodickson, Joel Stein, Jose Marques, Orlando Simonetti