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Fire

Wildland urban interface fire

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Displaying 1 - 25 of 216

Wind-Driven Fire Spread to a Structure from Landscape Timbers

April 16, 2025
Author(s)
Erik Johnsson, Kathryn Butler, Marco Fernandez, Wei Tang, Shonali Nazare, Philip Deardorff, Sebastian Arana, Alexander Maranghides
NIST is studying how combustible landscape features around a home burn to better understand their levels of hazard and potential roles in spreading wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires. A series of field experiments was conducted to examine the effects of

On the Design of a Firebrand Generator

October 25, 2024
Author(s)
Jiann Yang
Detailed design principles and calculations based on a generic firebrand generator with configuration commensurate with the NIST Firebrand Generators are provided. The generator is treated as a fluidized-bed reactor operating at the vertical dilute-phase

Smoke Emissions and Buoyant Plumes above Prescribed Burns in the Pinelands National Reserve, New Jersey

September 21, 2024
Author(s)
Kenneth Clark, Michael Gallagher, Nicholas Skowronski, Warren Heilman, Joseph Charney, Matthew M. Patterson, Jason Cole, Eric Mueller, Rory Hadden
Prescribed burning is a cost-effective method for reducing hazardous fuels in pine and oak-dominated forests, but smoke emissions contribute to atmospheric pollutant loads and the potential exists for exceeding Federal air quality standards designed to

The NIST Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Case Study Approach and Outlook

July 19, 2024
Author(s)
Eric Link
Wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires are a threat to thousands of communities in the United States. Thousands of structures are destroyed, and thousands of lives are threatened or upended by fires every year. There are valuable lessons to be learned from

Preliminary Field Burns of RV Trailers with External Ignitions

July 10, 2024
Author(s)
Eric Link, Shonali Nazare, Karen Jackson, Lucy Fox, Alexander Maranghides
Two recreational vehicle (RV) travel trailers were burned outdoors at the Austin Fire Department training campus in Austin, TX. The goal of these preliminary experiments was to observe and document the burning behavior of fully furnished RV trailers and to

A review of thermal exposure and fire spread mechanisms in Large Outdoor Fires and the Built Environment

July 28, 2023
Author(s)
Alex Filkov, Virginie Tihay-Felicelli, Nima Masoudvaziri, David Rush, Andres Valencia, Yu Wang, David Blunck, Mario Valero, Kamila Kempna, Jeruzalemska Jan Smolka, Jacques De Beer, Zakary Campbell-Lochrie, Felipe Centeno, Muhammad Asim Ibrahim Stuvaregatan, Calisa Katiuscia Lemmertz, Wai Cheong Tam
Due to socio-economic and climatic changes around the world, large outdoor fires in the built environment have become one of the global issues that threaten billions of people. The devastating effects of them are indicative of weaknesses in existing

Measuring Firebrand Heat Flux with a Thin-Skin Calorimeter

July 11, 2023
Author(s)
Amy Mensch, Savannah Wessies, Anthony Hamins, Jiann C. Yang
While the impact of wildland-urban interface fires is growing, firebrand exposure is a significant but not well understood contributor to fire spread. The ignition threat of firebrand exposures can be characterized by measuring the heat transfer of glowing