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Bioscience

Microbial measurements

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 89

Improving end-user trust in the quality of commercial probiotic products

September 24, 2021
Author(s)
Scott Jackson, Jean Schoeni, Buffy Stahl
In a rapidly growing global probiotic market, end-users have difficulty distinguishing between high quality and poor quality products. This threatens consumer and healthcare provider trust in probiotic products. To address this problem, we recommend that

An assessment of US microbiome research

September 23, 2021
Author(s)
Scott Jackson
Genome-enabled technologies have supported a dramatic increase in our ability to study microbial communities in environments and hosts. Taking stock of previously funded microbiome research can help to identify common themes, under-represented areas and

Current Explorations of Nutrition and the Gut Microbiome: A Systematic Review

September 23, 2021
Author(s)
Scott Jackson, Leigh A. Frame, Elise Costas
Background The ability to measure and describe the microbiome has led to a surge in information about the gut microbiome and its role in health and disease. The relationship between nutrition and the gut microbiome is central, as the diet is a source of

Towards Absolute Viability Measurements for Bacteria

September 12, 2021
Author(s)
Joy Dunkers, Hariharan K. Iyer, Brynna H. Jones, Charles Camp, Stephan J. Stranick, Nancy Lin
Quantifying viable, vegetative bacteria is a critical measurand in healthcare diagnostics, food safety, and antimicrobial development. Viability determination has traditionally relied on such techniques as plate counting, colorimetric or fluorescent

The mutation spectrum shapes the spectrum of adaptive substitutions

May 20, 2021
Author(s)
Alejandro Cano, Hana Rozhonova, Arlin B. Stoltzfus, David McCandlish, Joshua Payne
Evolutionary adaptation can be conceived as a series of substitutions representing mutation-fixation events. The changes that are more likely will appear more frequently in the aggregate spectrum of adaptive substitutions. Recent studies establish that

Organizing genome engineering for the gigabase scale

February 9, 2021
Author(s)
Bryan A. Bartley, Jacob Beal, Jonathan R. Karr, Elizabeth Strychalski
Engineering an organism's entire genome enables large-scale changes in organization, function, and environmental interactions, with significant implications for industrial, medical, and environmental ap- plications broadly. Improvements to DNA synthesis

Zero-valent iron sand filtration can reduce human and plant pathogenic bacteria while increasing plant growth promoting bacteria in reclaimed water

November 2, 2020
Author(s)
Prachi Kulkarni, Nathanael David Olson, Joseph N. Paulson, Emmanuel F. Mongodin, Mihai Pop, Amy R. Sapkota
The increasing use of reclaimed water for irrigation in areas that lack access to advanced wastewater treatment and reclaimed water distribution systems calls for an examination of irrigation-site-based treatment technologies that can improve the quality

Niche partitioning of microbial communities at an ancient vitrified hillfort: implications for vitrified radioactive waste disposal

August 30, 2020
Author(s)
Andrew Plymale, Jacqueline Wells, Carolyn Pearce, Colin Brislawn, Emily Graham, Tanya Cheeke, Jessica Allen, Sarah Fansler, Bruce Arey, Mark Bowden, Danielle Saunders, Vincent Danna, Kimberly Tyrrell, Jamie Weaver, Rolf Sjoblom, Rick L. Paul, John McCloy, Eva Hjarthner-Holdar, Mia Englund, Erik Ogenhall, David Peeler, Albert Kruger
A pre-Viking era vitrified hillfort, Broborg, provides a habitat analogue for disposed radioactive waste glass and shows strong niche partitioning among the organisms involved in glass alteration. Microbes cannot be eliminated from radioactive waste

A framework for assessing 16S rRNA marker-gene survey data analysis methods using mixtures.

March 13, 2020
Author(s)
Nathanael David Olson, Senthil Kumar, Stephanie Hao, Winston Timp, Marc L. Salit, O Colin Stine, Hector Corrada Bravo
Background: There are a variety of bioinformatic pipelines and downstream analysis methods for analyzing 16S rRNA marker-gene surveys. However, appropriate assessment datasets and metrics are needed as there is limited guidance to decide between available