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Bioscience

Microbial measurements

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Displaying 51 - 75 of 89

Key Considerations for Microbial Viability Measurements

January 14, 2020
Author(s)
Joy Dunkers, Sandra M. Da Silva, Stephanie Servetas, James J. Filliben, Guilherme L. Pinheiro, Nancy Lin
Making reliable measurements of antimicrobial killing efficacy requires careful consideration of the sources of biological variability, measurement bias and error throughout the entire workflow. For ultraviolet-C (UV-C) disinfection, killing efficacy is

The FeoC [4Fe4S] Cluster Is Redox-Active and Rapidly Oxygen-Sensitive

November 12, 2019
Author(s)
Aaron T. Smith, Richard O. Linkous, Nathan Max, Alexandrea E. Sestok, Veronika Szalai, Kelly N. Chacon
The acquisition of iron is essential to establishing virulence among most pathogens. Under acidic and/or anaerobic conditions, most bacteria utilize the widely-distributed ferrous iron (Fe2+) uptake (Feo) system to import metabolically-required iron. The

Characterization of the internal translation initiation region in monoclonal antibodies expressed in Escherichia coli

October 11, 2019
Author(s)
Erik M. Leith, William Brad O'Dell, Na Ke, Colleen McClung, Mehmet Berkmen, Christina Bergonzo, Robert G. Brinson, Zvi Kelman
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent an important platform for the development of biotherapeutic products. While most mAbs are produced in mammalian cells, there are several examples of mAbs made in Escherichia coli, including therapeutic fragments. When

A Novel Dental Sealant Containing Dimethylaminohexadecyl Methacrylate Suppresses the Cariogenic Pathogenicity of Streptococcus mutans Biofilms

July 16, 2019
Author(s)
Nancy Lin, Maria S. Ibrahim, Ahmed Ibrahim, Abdulrahman Balhaddad, Michael D. Weir, Franklin Tay, Thomas Oates, Hockin H. Xu, Mary A. Melo
Cariogenic oral biofilms are strongly linked to dental caries around dental sealants. Quaternary ammonium monomers copolymerized with dental resin systems have been increasingly explored for modulation of biofilm growth. Here, we investigated the effect of

Structure and Function in Antimicrobial Piscidins: Histidine Position, Directionality of Membrane Insertion, and pH-Dependent Permeabilization

May 30, 2019
Author(s)
Mihaela Mihailescu, Mirco Sorci, Jolita Seckute, Vitalii I. Silin, Janet Hammer, B. Scott Perrin, Jorge Hernandez, Nedzada Smajic, Akritee Shrestha, Kimberly Bogadardus, Alexander Greenwood, Riqiang Fu, Jack Blazyk, Richard W. Pastor, Linda Nicholson, Georges Belfort, Myriam Cotten
Piscidins are histidine-enriched antimicrobial peptides that interact with lipid bilayers as amphipathic alpha-helices. Their activity at acidic and basic pH in vivo makes them promising templates for biomedical applications. This study focuses on p1 and

Measuring Ion-Pairing and Hydration in Variable Charge Supramolecular Cages with Microwave Microfluidics

May 17, 2019
Author(s)
Angela C. Stelson, Cynthia M. Hong, Mitchell C. Groenenboom, Charles A. Little, James C. Booth, Nathan D. Orloff, Robert G. Bergman, Kenneth N. Raymond, Kathleen A. Schwarz, F. D. Toste, Christian J. Long
MetaMetal–organic supramolecular cages can act as charged molecular containers that mediate reactions, mimic enzymatic catalysis, and selectively sequester chemicals.1,2 The hydration of these cages in solution plays a crucial role in their interactions

Impact of conventional wastewater treatment and reuse site practices on the bacterial community structure of reclaimed water

October 15, 2018
Author(s)
Prachi Kulkarni, Nathanael David Olson, Joseph N. Paulson, Mihai Pop, Cynthia Maddox, Emma Claye, Rachel E. Rosenberg Goldstein, Manan Sharma, Amy R. Sapkota
Reclaimed water use continues to expand across the United States, from areas that have access to advanced, potable-level treated reclaimed water, to areas that only have access to reclaimed water treated at conventional municipal wastewater treatment

Innovative Approaches to Combat Healthcare-Associated Infections Using Efficacy Standards Developed Through Industry and Federal Collaboration

October 5, 2018
Author(s)
Dianne L. Poster, Carl C. Miller, Yaw S. Obeng, Michael T. Postek, Troy E. Cowan, Richard A. Martinello
Nation-wide, healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) infect one in every 25 hospital patients, account for more than 100,000 deaths and increase medical costs by around $96-147B, each year. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) antimicrobial devices are shown to reduce the

Certification of Standard Reference Material 2365 BK Virus DNA Quantitative Standard

August 29, 2018
Author(s)
Megan H. Cleveland, Natalia Farkas, Kevin M. Kiesler, Blaza Toman, Peter M. Vallone
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2365 is intended for use in the value assignment of BK virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to BK DNA controls and standards. A unit of SRM 2365 consists of a well characterized, linearized plasmid, containing BK virus DNA